os.path.join (folder, filename) ensures the path is correct for the system. On Windows, it uses backslashes (reports\summary.txt); on Linux and macOS it uses forward slashes (reports/summary.txt).

Oct. 3, 2025 — Billions of years ago, Earth’s atmosphere was hostile, with barely any oxygen and toxic conditions for life. Researchers from the Earth-Life Science Institute studied Japan’s iron-rich ...

Claire Boyte-White is the lead writer for NapkinFinance.com, co-author of I Am Net Worthy, and an Investopedia contributor. Claire's expertise lies in corporate finance & accounting, mutual funds, ...